Galaxy Cores With a Mix of Metals
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey has 11 galaxy spectra and those graphs reveal in each core a mix of metals - which are elements not hydrogen or helium.
The page for each ID includes both an image of the spectrum sample area for each galaxy and a spectrum graph.
Each ID has the z value in the graph. The spectra should reveal how astronomers calculate the redshift for many galaxies.
From this sample of 11, astronomers are clearly making a mistake with atoms unrelated to the galaxy's motion.
I posted on February 8, galaxy spectrum data is almost never public. This public data from SDSS reveals the mistake astronomers make with the data.
excerpt from the link:
When you look at the spectrum of a galaxy, you are really looking at the combination of spectra from the millions of stars in the galaxy.
So studying the features of a galaxy spectrum tells you about the types of stars the galaxy contains, and the relative abundances of each type of star.
(excerpt end)
Observation for the 2 sentences:
1) When the field of view encompasses all the stars, the spectrum is the summation of them. The result is a spectrum covering a broad spectrum from UV to infrared with a similar intensity across. All the stars have this similar wavelength distribution. This summation is like seeing a white sphere where individual details are diminished among the millions.
2) If there are any intervening atoms they appear as absorption lines. M31 has calcium absorption lines as the distinguishing feature in its spectrum. These calcium atoms are in theintergalactic medium between us and M31.
The M31 spectrum gives no information about individual stars. To get that detail the spectrum must be narrowed to a field of view of the individual star.
In this SDSS survey there are no stars in the analysis but only atoms in motion in the galaxy's core.
This survey reveals a different mistake than using intervening atoms (like with M31). These are random motions inside not outside the galaxy.
In this Sloan survey, the images had a narrow field of view to capture motions of material in the galaxy's core rather than capturing all the stars as claimed in the SDSS page.
Each spectrum has absorption and emission lines from varying elements in the collection of 11. A summary: Nearly all have hydrogen, magnesium and sodium, most have oxygen and sulfur. Many have calcium and nitrogen.
Their analysis identified these elements. Despite that basis in specific atoms, the motion of these atoms is used to determine the motion of the entire galaxy.
Here are the redshifts assigned by mistake to the respective galaxies based on their spectrum analysis:
ID 587722984438038552 z=0.0252
ID 588848900982505544 z=0.0264
ID 587722983889698846 z=0.0840
ID 588848901521866964 z=0.1083
ID 588015508204290235 z=0.0472
ID 587725492671086642 z= 0.0273
ID 587731512606326869 z=0.0426
ID 588015510353805384 z=0.0431
ID 587722983363838126 z=0.1428
ID 587731513146998997 z=0.1878
ID 587727177932472422 z= 0.1463
Conclusion:
My initial intent was analyzing the spectrum patterns for these 11 galaxies.
There are no patterns in these random motions of whatever atoms were captured in the field.
Perhaps this is just a post of trivia.
However, astronomers assign velocities to galaxies based on these mistakes. All velocities above are wrong.
link
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